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Mid-Autumn Festival Moon Cake

Moon cake history

During the Yuan dynasty (A.D.1280-1368) China was ruled by the Mongolian people. Leaders from the preceding Sung dynasty (A.D.960-1280) were unhappy to live under foreign rule.  They decided to coordinate a rebellion without it being discovered. The leaders of the rebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was drawing near, ordered the making of special cakes. Inside each moon cake was a message with the outline of the attack. Because it's a Han (the main clan before the Mongolian took over) cake, the Mongolian people are not interested.  On the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attacked and overthrew the government. What followed was the establishment of the Ming dynasty (A.D. 1368-1644). Today, moon cakes are eaten to commemorate this legend.

[more legends about Moon Festival]

What's moon cake like?  

Traditional moon cakes are round pastries filled with lotus seed paste with one to four egg yolks, weight about 180 grams each.  The more egg yolks in the moon cake, the more expensive it is and more prestigious when present them as presents to relatives.  You can buy mooncake one by one though shops always sell their mooncakes in a tin box of 4. 

Modern moon cakes - modern bakers are trying to be different.  In Hong Kong, you can find dozens varieties of moon cake with nuts or ham, with white lotus seed paste, red bean paste, green bean paste, fruit or coffee flavor.  About 10 years ago, a baker called Tai Pan introduced a new white stretchy pastry for their moon cake.  They called it "Snowy moon cake" which is very different from the traditional baked, slightly crumbly pastry.  It's certainly more popular with the younger generation, though the older generation will look at it and say, "Not traditional!".  Then we have chocolate mooncakes, ice cream mooncakes from Haagen Dazs.

Packaging - Besides new ingredients in the moon cakes, you have more choices of sizes and packaging these days.  There are mini-mooncakes for those who would like to watch their weight but still want to be traditional and have a moon cake on the Mid-Autumn Festival day.  Mini-moon-cake often comes in a tin box or cardboard box of 6 or 8.  Other layout like "7-star around the moon" which means 7 mini or full size moon cakes surrounding a standard full size moon cake in the middle in a round tin.  It's ideal as gift for your mother-in-law but it costs a lot more (8 mooncakes!)

In 2008, the traditional moon-cake-bakers challenge the modern bakers with new packagings.  Nice heavy wooden box with fancy carving decoration or various cartoon character like Thomas the Tank Engine or Doraemon theme boxes with games/toys are available.

When do we eat moon cakes?

The answer is: any time you like.  Typically when Dragon Boat Festival is over, you will start to see advertisement everywhere about moon cakes, which means you can start to buy moon cakes! 

Eat it any time you like.  You don't have to save it till festival night.  But after the festival, everybody is tired of it and no one would want to eat it.

How much are the moon cakes?

I must say moon cakes are expensive because:

• you have no choice if you want to be traditional or

• you HAVE-TO because you have very traditional parents-in-laws or relatives AND

• it's the bakers' once a year's chance to make some money

Q: ok.. so how much is it?
A: it's almost HK$50 each, that is about US$6 each.  If you buy a tin of 4, it's about $180 for a box.  You may get it cheaper if you buy early.  The bakers may offer discounted moon cake coupons so that you can redeem when it's closer to the festival and they get the money earlier.  Alternatively, you may buy them after the festival, it's a lot cheaper because no one wants it any more.  It's suitable for moon cake fans who still want to enjoy more and pay less.  If you really really think the price is not reasonable, you can have lotus seed paste steam bun in a Chinese dim-sum restaurant for something like HK$18 (US$2.3) for 3!  ok.. they are not exactly the same but it has lotus seed paste and a bit of egg yolk. 

Lotus Seed Paste Story

I've read an interesting article recently about making lotus seed paste.  Lotus seeds come from the lotus flowers in pond.  Each seed pod carries about 20 lotus seed. 100 grams lotus seed paste takes about 60 whole lotus seeds which may take 1 person 1 hour to peel off the thick skin of the seeds.

To make lotus seed paste, one have to remove each seed from the pod (see pic), remove the thick brown skin and core of the seed and then cook it into paste.  To the writer's surprise, it's not until around 2005 when there is machine to remove the skin!  Some factories use chemical to "erode" away the skin.  Anyway, after you remove the thick skin, there is still a thin layer.  If the thin skin is kept, it makes the traditional lotus seed paste; otherwise, it becomes the modern "white lotus seed paste". 

Installment for moon-cakes 

As I said, if you love to eat mooncakes or you have lots and lots of relatives, you will need a lot of moon cakes.  I remember when I was a kid, some major moon cake bakers have already launched the moon-cake installment plan.  Basically, you choose how many boxes you want and you start to pay the baker one year in advance month-by-month.  The baker will also throw in goodies like Chinese preserved meat sausages.

Is it too late to visit Hong Kong to see the Moon Festival?  Check it out!

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